Diner



Aug. 3, 1937.' B, HARLEY 2,089,060

DINER Filed May 24, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Brron. G. Harley,

Aug. 3, 1937. B. G. HARLEY 2,089,069

DINER l 7 Filed May 24. 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I O m Aug.. 3, i937. B. G; HARLEY DINER 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 24, 1935 v 66 8 l 25E f f H 3J JA M e f a @41 6%/ L6? I a v 5?/ \59 ,Berron G. HarZeg,

Pirenei Allg. s, 1937 UNITED STATES irfr-zlzu'r OFFICE DINER ,Bertron G. Harley, Saco, Maine Application May 24, v1935, Serial No. 23,146

' 7 Claims.

The invention relates to Ventilating means for portable restaurants known as diners and is a continuation in part of an application led by me June 4, 1934, Serial No. 728.897. It also 5 relates to Ventilating means for knock-down construction for small buildings in general for Ventilating their interiors.

An important object of the invention@ is to afford a Ventilating means Within the construclr tion of the building itself whereby. the natural ilow of wind outside the diner may be availed Iof to set up a strongmovement of air within the f diner from which results a quiet and improved method of ventilation without resortto forced draft machinery such as electric fans.

4 Another object of the invention is t`o provide Ventilating means for the sectional diner of the Said application having a wind conduit exterior to the roof of the diner sections adapted to provide either a continuous Ventilating chamber extending from one end of the diner to the other or a separate Ventilating chamber for each diner section having individually operable transoms or louvers adapted to be arranged for forcing the air into the diner in one section and drawing it out through an adjacent section or for forcing the air intothe diner through the end sections and drawing it out through the central sections as well as to aord a variety of other adjustments whereby the Ventilating means may beaadiusted to obtain the desired amountl of ventilation in all kinds of weather and under all the varying conditions of climate and temperatures.

A further object of the invention is to provide Ventilating means of this character equipped with a condensation plate located in the wind conduit of the diner sections over the ventilating opening of the roof of the diner section in the path of escaping hot air and also in the path of the cool air o f the wind conduit and adapted to allow the condensation resulting from the hot air being absorbed by the cold air to drip outside of the diner onto the roof thereof whereby such condensation is prevented from forming interiorly oi the diner and dripping within the same.

Another object oi the invention is to provide Ventilating means carried by and constituting portions of the construction of the diner sections without interfering with the interchange of the diner sections in their relative positions lengthwise of the diner when it is desired to` enlarge the diner or re-arrange the sections or modernize its contained restaurant equipment,

(Cl. 98--42)v thereby making possible the preserving of all or4 major portions of the original building structure.`

Another object of the invention is to provide Ventilating means and condensation controlling .means which while being particularly adapted for use in connection with the sectional diner vshown and described in the aforesaid application will also be applicable to various building structures where the Ventilating means and the condensation controlling means will be found advantageous.

A further object of the invention is to provide Ventilating means carried by the roof part of the sections of the diner which will not interfere with the roof part of one of the encompassing sections of the diner to be interchanged selectively with the roof part of 'a diderent encompassing section or with the interchange of the wall or oor portions of the sections. In this way the Ventilating means will not interfere with any desired change in the relative positions of blank wall spaces, windows, doors, chimneys, exhaust fan apertures, plumbing pipes, etc. and such changes may be made at will without ruining or requiring the reconstruction or throwing away of the old roof and Ventilating means.

In the drawlngs:- Y

Fig. 1 is a view of my improved diner in front elevation showing in full lines a small diner composed of a few sections and embodying the Ventilating means ofthe present invention, and showing in broken lines the modied appearance of the diner when its length is increased by the addition 'of interchangeable encompassing sections.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic :door plan suggesting one possible interior arrangement for the elongated diner of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of one encompassing end section, the interior equipment of which is indicated by broken lines.

Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3 showing an intermediate encompassing section.

Fig. 5 is a View similar to' Fig. 4 showing another` intermediate encompassing section.

Fig.- 6 is a View similar to Fig. 3 showing the exterior of the other encompassing end section.

Fig. 'I is an enlarged View looking lengthwise of the diner and is partly in section on the plane 1-1 in Fig.1 and shows the Ventilating means with both transoms or louvers open and illustrates the circulation through the Ventilating means.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary View of the clear-story structure and ventilation control transoms oi Fig.

'l drawn on a somewhat larger scale and showing one of the transoms closed.v

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 showing both transoms closed.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the upper portion of one of the diner sections showing a modified form of Ventilating means equipped with a condensation plate.

Fig. 11 is a. detail sectionalview on the line |4I4 of Fig. 10, showing a plurality of separate individual clear-stories having their abutting side walls or panels secured together.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic perspective view `showing a plurality of separate individual clearstories having their transoms at one side of the diner alternately open and at the other side of the diner alternately closed.

Fig. 13 is a similar view with the transoms reversely arranged.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is obvious that the purchaser of so small a diner as that shown in full lines, would neither have room for, nor require, the complete kinds and variety of food preparing and serving equipment indicated in Fig. 2. He might, nevertheless, and customarily does, start in a small way inv a given location, with, say a six section diner, a large part of whose length must be occupied by the counter and just a few of the most essential pieces of kitchen equipment. This equipment will include at least a stove or hot plate I6, a refrigerator 2|, a coiee urn Il, and a work bench I4 preferably receiving light from the window I5. Figs. 'l and 10 show such kitchen equipment requires built inv structural association with the roof portion 9 as illustrated by the chimney 26, and the side wall portion 8 as illustrated by the laterally projecting fan iiue 21, and a oor portion 1 illustrated by the plumbing pipe 29. It is noted that the showing of these parts in Fig. 7 is a composite representation, certain of the parts in fact being located at different points in the length of the diner. It is evident from these illustrations that in changing the arrangement of the equipment of a diner as heretofore constructed, the owner must leave the various pieces of kitchen equipment at their original locations in the length of the diner or disrupt major portions of the diners housing construction.

Knock-down construction As a solution to these problems the knowndown construction contemplates a building for housing diners comprised of a number of separable encompassing housing shells or sections which is possible because of the considerable length of a diner in comparison with its transverse dimensions. The separable relationship of these housing sections is shown in Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive. As there shown the base corners of the sections are represented as supported by sills 29, 29, for which may be substituted, if desired, ordinary wooden beams. In some cases channel bars or beams need be no longer than the individual housing section which they support, or they may be omitted entirely, in which case the sections may be supported upon any level foundation represented by the brick work 30 in Fig. 1. Corresponding plates may be employed at the top'corners of the sections as shown at 29a, 29a, in Figs. 3 to '7, inclusive, and in Fig. 10. These may consist of T-channel bars and if they are made continuous for the length of the diner, it will be seen that the roof, wall and floor portions of each diner section may in themselves comprise readily separable units so that the roof with its Ventilating means, wall or floor portion of one section may be interchanged with any roof, wall or floor portion of a different section. Thus the diner building as a whole is comprised of small, easily handled interchangeable units which permit a relocation of these housing units when it is desired to shift the lengthwise position of interior equipment structurally associated therewith.

Ventilating method and construction The roof portions 9 incorporate a novel and improved method and means for causing the ow of wind outside the diner to ventilato the interior of the diner. For forming a dead air and heat insulative space the roof section 9 may be formed of two upwardly bowed sheet metal parts 9a on the inside and 9b the outside and held in their designed shape by the arched ribs 43 extending between them. Holes 44 in these ribs may accommodate tie bolts or other holding means for fastening two roof sections together. Special roof portions for the end sections are shown at 9'.

Above the roof a clear-story 45 is formed by a shallow sheet metal cap in the edges of which windows 41 are formed which may be opened or closed by transoms or louvers 49. Only those roof portions which are to function in the ventilation of the diner need be .equipped with this clearstory 45. Although the top surface of the clearstory 45 is slightly bowed t'o improve its appearance, it is plain from Figs. 7, 8 and 9 that its curvature is considerably less than that of the top roof plate 9b so that there is formed between the top plate 9b of the roof and the top of the clearstory a passage for the wind which may enter the clear-story windows from either side of the diner and flow out of the clear-story through the opposite window. These wind passages progressively decrease in .area from either edge of the clearstory to the central portion thereof which causes the flowing wind to increase its velocity at the said central portion. Also at its central portion the wind passage formed by the clear-story communicates with a Ventilating opening or aperture 46 cut through the highest portion of the roof plates 9a and 9b which gives outlet for the air from the interior of the diner and whichI as hereinafter fully described may serve as an inlet for air to permit the same to pass into the diner so that air may be introduced into the diner at one portion or section thereof and drawn from the diner at another portion or section thereof thereby supplying the diner with pure, fresh air and at the same time thoroughly Ventilating and cooling the same by drawing out the hot air. A controlled circulation of fresh air through the diner may thus be provided.

The louvers or transoms 49 are horizontally pivoted in the windows 4l at the central portion 50 and are operated individually to open or close the window by a connecting rod 5I which may be pushed or pulled by turning adjustment of an operating arm 53. These operating arms 53 connect with hand knobs 54 by vertical shafts 55 having bearings in bracket member 56. The brackets 56 are secured to the roof section 9 at opposite sides of the Ventilating opening 46 and the shafts 55 are arranged vertically, the operating arms 53 being located above the roof section 9 and the hand knobs 54 below the roof section 9.

The ventilating operation A novel principle of Ventilating action is accomplished by the foregoing construction in that the before referred to increase in the natural Velocity of wind iiow through the wind passage as caused by the continuously converging walls of the clear-story wind passage, suiiciently augments the ejector eiect of the wind owing past the aperture d6 to cause a particularly strong suction which rapidly removes air. 'from the interior of the diner so long as both transoms 9 are open. If the Ventilating effect of the wind ow is too strong for comfort, the Windward transom, alone, may be closed as shown in Fig. 8 and there will still be exerted some Ventilating suction upon the aperture i6 by the action of the wind in passing the leeward window of the clearstory which remains open. If the Ventilation is still too strong both transoms may be closed as shown in Fig. 9 which will completely check the ventilation through the aperture d6 and result in a conilnement of hot air from the diner in the clear-story space, which effectively adds to-the ability of the diner interior to retain its heat in excessively cold weather. Also the ventilation may be varied by opening the transoms to a greater or less degree. This improved clear-story construction is thereby seen to assist in maintaining a comfortable condition of air within the diner in both extremes of hot and cold weather. My improved diner is therefore universally suited ior use in radically diierent climates because of the present improvements.

The clear-story of the roof sections may be of substantially the same width as the roof sections and be constructed to form a continuous ventilating chamber between the top of the clear-story and the top of the roof or as illustrated in Figs. i0 and l1 of the drawings the roof section 5l may be provided with a clear-story 53 having side walls d@ supported upon the roof section iil and closing the clear-story at the sides thereof and thereby forming with the top of the clear-story a separate individual clear-story for each of the diner sections .equipped with individually controlled Ventilating means. The side walls or panels 59 of the clear-stories are detachably secured together in abutting relation by bolts 59a as clearly illustrated in Fig. 11 of the drawings.

The ends of each clear-story are provided with individually operable pivoted transoms iii constructed similar to those heretofore described for controlling the passage of the wind through the Ventilating chamber or wind passage 62 formed by the clear-story 58. The transoms or louvers ti are provided with operating means of the same construction as the transom operating means heretofore described. The roof section 5l is provided with a central Ventilating aperture t3 adapted either to permit fresh air to be forced into the diner or warm air drawn out of the diner by the action oi the wind passing through the wind passage 52. If the windwardtransom be open and the leeward transom closed air will be forced into the interior of the diner through the Ventilating opening or aperture. 1f the transom in the next adjacent section .be reversely adjusted or arranged so that the leeward transom is open and the Windward transom closed warm air will be drawn out of the diner through the Ventilating opening b3 of such diner section.

As illustrated in Fig. 12 the transoms at one sideeofthe diner may be alternately opened and closed and those at the other side of the diner maybe reversely arranged. The arrows in Fig. 12 indicate the direction of the wind. The Open transom facing the wind causes air to be forced A into the diner.

into the interior of the diner at that side of the same and the open transom at the opposite side of the diner facing .away from the wind causes warm air to be drawn out from the interior of the diner. Fig. 13 shows the transoms arranged the reverse of the transoms in Fig. 12. Also by ad- `iustirig the transoms fresh air may be forced into the diner through the end sections and expelled through the central sections. By adjusting the e transoms of the clear-story the desired ventilation to suit weather` conditions may be readily provided and the desired temperature may be maintained within the diner at all times.

It has been found by experience that when the warm air of the diner mixes with and is absorbed by the cool air passing through the wind passage that Iconsiderable condensation of moisture carrie'cl by the warm air results and drips In order to prevent the condensation from dripping into the diner the clearstory 58 is provided at the top with a metal condensation plate @d located centrally of the clearstory and disposed transversely thereof, that is to say in a direction longitudinally of the diner but across the clear-story as clearly illustrated in Fig. 11 of the drawings. The cool air passing between the two roofs absorbs the hot air and striking the condensation plate causes the condensation to drip outside of the diner onto the exterior of the roof section thereof. The ventilating aperture 53 extends longitudinally of the diner and the condensation plate is of greater width than the opening or aperture o3 and is provided with depending downwardly curved edges 65 located beyond the aperture 63 and adapted to facilitate the drip of condensation from the plate ed and direct the dripkupon the exterior of the roof section 5l so that all the water of condensation will be discharged upon the outside of the roof of the diner.

The condensation plate which is arranged in spaced relation with the inner or lower face of the top of the clear-story is supported by roof beams 65 preferably arranged at the sides of the clearstory and at opposite sides'of the center of the same but the condensation plate may be supported in any other desired manner. The condensation plate is spaced from the top of the clear-story to provide air passages 6l for causing a, portion of the wind to pass over the condensation plate and maintain the same in. a relatively cool condition. The downwardly curved edges t5 besides facilitating the drip onto the outside of the roof lsection also operate to direct a portion of the soms a maximum control of the ventilation of the diner is provided.

I claim: l l. A building structure including a roof hav ing a Ventilating aperture, a clear story supported by the roof and forming a wind passage extending across the roof and communicating with the Ventilating aperture, and a condensation plate 4 a,0ao,0o0

Ventilating aperture and provided at its ends with windows and forming a wind passage extending across the roof. anda condensation plate supported by the clear story and located above the Ventilating aperture and extending beyond the same` and arranged to cause water'of condensa,- tion to 'drip upon the roof exteriorly thereof.

3. A building structure including a roof having a Ventilating opening, a clear story supported by the roof and encompassing the Ventilating aperturei and forming a wind passage extending across the roof and communicating with the Ventilating aperture, and a condensation plate supported in the wind passage above the Ventilating aperture and extending beyond the same for causing water of condensation to drip upon the roof exteriorly thereof, said condensation plate being spaced from the top of-the clear story to permit thepassage of air over the condensation plate.

4. A building structure including a roof provided with a Ventilating aperture and having an exterior wind passage extending over and communicating with the Ventilating aperture, and.

a condensation plate supported within the wind passage above the Ventilating aperture and extending beyond the same and having its opposite edges extended downwardly and arranged to cause water of condensation to drip upon the exterior of the roof.

5. A building structure including a roof provided With a Ventilating aperture and having an exterior wind passage extending over and communicating with the Ventilating aperture, and a condensation plate supported within the wind passage above 'the Ventilating aperture and extending beyond the same'and having its opposite edges extended downwardly and arranged vand cause the same to pass over the condensation plate.

1 6. A buildingstructure including a roof provided with a 4plurality of spaced Ventilating apertures. -separate clear-stories supported by the root and forming wind passages exterlorly of the roof. the wind passagesl being formed to decrease in size progressively to a minimum dimension at the Ventilating apertures whereby naturalwind ilowing through the wind passages attains a maximum Velocity at the said apertures, and condensation plates supported within the wind passages above the Ventilating apertures and extending beyond the same and arranged to cause water of condensation to drip upon the roof vexteriorly thereof.

7. A sectional diner comprising a plurality of separate transversely disposed diner sections including roof sections having Ventilating apertures, clearstories supported by the roof sections and encompassing the Ventilating aper-v tures and provided at their ends with windows,

said clear-stories being of substantially the same width as the ".diner sections and having open sides itted together whereby the clear-stories form a continuous ventilatingchamber extending from one end of the diner to the other.

` BERTRDN G. HARLEY. 

